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Design007-July2018

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58 DESIGN007 MAGAZINE I JULY 2018 References: 1. Barry Olney's Beyond Design columns: Controlling the Beast, A New Slant on Matched Length Routing, Board-Level Simula- tion and the Design Process: Plan B – Post Lay- out Simulation. 2. High-Speed Signal Propagation, by How- ard Johnson. 3. All simulations performed in HyperLynx LineSim. Barry Olney is managing director of In-Circuit Design Pty Ltd (iCD), Aus- tralia, a PCB design service bureau that specializes in board-level simulation. The company developed the iCD Design Integrity software incorporating the iCD Stackup, PDN and CPW Planner. The software can be downloaded from www.icd.com.au. To contact Olney, or read past columns, click here. Molecular electronics, which aims to use molecules to build electronic devices, could be the answer. But until now, scientists haven't been able to make a stable device platform for these molecules to sit inside which could reli- ably connect with the molecules, exploit their ability to respond to a current, and be easily mass-produced. An international team of researchers, including Mac- quarie University's Associate Professor Koushik Venkate- san, have developed a proof of concept device which they say addresses all these issues. The team exploited the fact that metallic nanoparticles can provide reliable electrical contacts to individual molecules, allowing them to transport charge through a circuit. "Imagine a miniaturised transistor made up of several single molecules," says Koushik. "That's the promise of molecular electronics—devices that are smaller, faster, have more memory and are cheaper to make." Koushik is confident their research will open up the bottleneck for this molecular-based technology to move forward. "This fundamental research is extremely exciting as it points the way to practically 'wiring molecules' by exploiting the fact that Koushik and his colleagues have made a metallic nanoparticle provide a reliable electrical contact to individual molecules," says Professor Alison Rodger, Head of the Department of Molecular Sciences at Macquarie University. "It is amazing to think that this work leads the way to true molecular-sized electronic circuits." Click here for more. The Future of Electronics is Chemical • If the supply voltage drops from 3.3V to 1.5V, then the allowable noise margin more than halves. • Differential technologies do not have the noise margin concerns of single-ended technologies. This is due to common- mode rejection. • The total crosstalk on a victim trace is the accumulated noise injected from all nearby noise sources. • Forward crosstalk does not exist in the stripline configuration. The amplitude of the crosstalk is also considerably reduced. • The simulator should be set to 150mV maximum crosstalk on all signals. However, crosstalk from within the same group, on synchronous buses, can be ignored unless the frequency is extremely high. • Both forward and reverse crosstalk can be reduced by separating the aggressors from the victim traces or by reducing the height of the dielectric above/below the planes.

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