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38 SMT Magazine • September 2015 by steve brown alpHa For many years, the expanding scope of electronic systems in vehicles has been built on a very conservative design ethos, with a con- siderable focus on reliability. It is well known that automotive electronics was, by far, the larg- est electronics market segment to be exempted from 2006's EU RoHS legislation, which includ- ed the removal of lead (Pb) from electronic as- semblies. The core argument during the success- ful lobbying of the EU, and subsequent exemp- tion for the automotive electronics companies, was that there was insufficient reliability data of the Pb-free alternatives. Now these exemp- tions are coming to an end, and this growing segment is rapidly employing the most com- mon alloy group which the majority of other segments had adopted before 2006. This solder alloy group is the standard Tin-Silver-Copper al- loys, based close to the ternary eutectic point at Sn Ag3.8 Cu0.7. Added complexity in material selection comes from the ever-increasing array of appli- cations in automotive electronics, and one of the newer applications is the deployment of an array of vision and detection systems for driver assistance, collectively known as advanced driv- er assistance systems (ADAS). the evolution of vision and Detection systems Parking sensors have become commonplace in the last 10 years, making the process of get- ting your car into a tight parking space a much less risky proposition. This is based on relatively simple radar technology and provides the driver with an increasingly audible alarm as the object to be avoided comes closer. In more recent years, a number of vision and detection systems have started to play a much more critical role in the driving experience. One of these examples is lane departure warning sys- tem (LDWS). This system uses AOI vision tech- nology to track the edge of the road or the lane material Considerations for Advanced driver Assistance Systems Assembly FeAture