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APRIL 2018 I PCB007 MAGAZINE 25 Automotive Electronics | AE/EAI1 | 12/10/2017 © Robert Bosch GmbH 2017. All rights reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. 4 Powertrain systems for internal-combustion engines Connected charging infrastructure and payment systems Electrified two- wheeler powertrains Hybrid systems Fully electric powertrain systems reserved, also regarding any disposal, exploitation, reproduction, editing, distribution, as well as in the event of applications for industrial property rights. solder resist Possible failure modes: 1. Crack in pth or inner Cu layers 2. Crack in outer Cu layer 3. Crack in µvias 4. Crack in prepregs 5. Crack in solder resist 6. Electrochemical migration on PCB surface pth µvia µvia outer Cu layer inner Cu layers 1 2 3 4 5 6 Environmental loads on PCB • Temperature cycling and storage • Bending • Vibration • Humidity • Combination of separate loads Assembly loads on PCB • Reflow soldering • Selective soldering • Press fit technology Figure 4: Examples of power train and electrified mobility. (Source: Bosch) Figure 5: Environmental and assembly loads versus possible failure modes in PCBs. (Source: Bosch) Figure 6: Chart showing the critical properties of PCBs. (Source: Bosch) Figure 6 PCB Properties Isolating In PCB On PCB Conducting In PCB On PCB Mechanical Epoxy Glass Cu