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40 SMT007 MAGAZINE I MARCH 2019 for the creation of the product—in this case, a tested PCB with a BOM and tested assembly. CAD/CAE/CAM Design Hold the Keys To have a smart factory, the automation sys- tems must have knowledge of the product, its materials, and a complete recipe for how it is manufactured. The industry standard EDA companies are not accustomed to how a prod- uct is made or of the many indirect materials used in manufacturing. Thus, it will be a long time before their CAD tools can describe and provide all the digital data required for a smart factory's use, if ever! The complete digitization of all relevant da- ta of how a product will be made will prob- ably come about through the customization of current or new CAM software supplied by software vendors that support a particular in- dustry. Figures 5 shows the hypothetical infor- mation flows from CAD/CAE systems to the newer CAM systems so that enough data is present to power a smart factory. The needed consolidated information will be: • Relevant standards, inspection, and quality data • Process and manufacturing data of the product for the CAM system • Component and part information for manufacturing and assembly Additional required manufacturing and as- sembly data and recipes are added at the CAM software and by the product PLM systems, so that smart factories now have all of the infor- mation required to build the product. Smart Factory 1.0 and Industry 4.0 Today, lights-out factories and Industry 4.0 initiatives are the norms to integrate all of the islands of automation we have acquired over the years (Figure 7). This progress comes as a result of the automotive industry's application Figure 6: The smart factory/CIM hierarchy of functions for the information flow for CAD/CAE/CAM through PLM/ERP.