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96 PCB007 MAGAZINE I MARCH 2019 tions on production and other factors, copper foil, fiberglass cloth, and resin as the three major raw materials will also be accelerated to transfer to China with the rising demand from downstream applications. With the requirement of 5G for high-speed and high-frequency development, domestic manu- facturers have made great prog- ress in high-frequency PTFE. Mr. Wu Yunlong, technical services manager of Rogers Corporation Asia, pointed out the direction of R&D. Due to the increasing demand of cus- tomers for 5G and HDI, mate- rials began to develop toward thinner types. The influence of high-frequency bands on the material is increasing. It is nec- essary to ensure the bonding force and compression degree of copper foil to achieve low loss and small Dk power dif- ference to enhance stability. In the matching of the core board and semi-curing sheet, to en- sure the reliability of small ap- erture through holes, the thin- nest materials cannot be used. 6. What will be the impact of environmental protection and intellectualization? The speed of the factory population growth is much lower than the speed of output expansion. Domestic manufacturers in China may need to set up factories in the United Kingdom and the United States to avoid tariffs. Mr. Wang Dele, BP and secretary general of the Hong Kong Cir - cuit Board Association, pointed out in his report "Interpretation of Hot Points Regarding 2018 China's Environmental Protection Policy" that environmental protection supervision in China tends to be severe. Environmental protection has been promoted to be a basic national policy, and further efforts are being gradually made to increase criminal punishment or environmental violations. For example, in 2017, 233,000 writ - ten decisions of the environmental administra- tive penalty were issued nationwide. The total amount of fines was 11.56 billion yuan, which rose 86.5% year-on-year. Follow-up environ- mental protection pressure on enterprises will be enormous. PCB007 Mr. Hu Yang is an electronic analyst for Zhongtai Securities with a master's degree in micro- electronics from Peking University. His research focuses on PCBs, LEDs, semiconductors, etc. Figure 3: National environmental penalties are increasing as China aggres- sively enforces regulations. Figure 4: Environmental fines are also increasing.