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JUNE 2021 I SMT007 MAGAZINE 71 • Manufacturing floor control (MFC) and enterprise resource planning (ERP) systems: Read/write manufacturing operation data • Mechanical arms/robot: Perform automated image acquisition and production disposition Figure 2 shows the architecture diagram of the edge solution. Architecture decisions are discussed at a high level without many specific details in operational model. Many options can be considered for the actual implementation of this architecture. High availability Hybrid cloud offers flexibility and high avail- ability. Common applications and services (e.g., main application for model deployment, model and device management, model extrac- tion service, model training service) can be deployed into different cloud infrastructures (e.g., private cloud, multiple cloud provid- ers) based on the use case requirement, while maintaining high availability. e high avail- ability of the edge applications and services, on the other hand, must be achieved through edge hardware redundancy and recovery as a more traditional practice. Scalability and performance Common applications and services can be easily deployed into multi-zones in a cloud environment. is enables quick scale-up of the solution while maintaining performance across geographies. User authentication and authorization Users are authenticated with Single sign-on for ease of use and security. Access to systems is based on roles and authorization policies. Model management and device management Deploying model management service and device management service in cloud offers the model engineers and device managers one single platform with high availability to man- age the lifecycle of models and edge services/ devices. MQTT (Message Queuing Teleme- try Transport) protocol offers a lightweight Figure 1: System context diagram of manufacturing edge solution.