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26 PCB007 MAGAZINE I FEBRUARY 2022 numbers were obtained from sources which utilized databases like Ecoinvent or publicly available government data. It is very important to note that the snapshot that we have created with this very early model is quite limited in scope, and only looks at the emissions from the act of running primary metallization at the fab- ricator and consuming the chemicals utilized. In our model, the output of which is shown in Figure 6, provides an estimate for total yearly emissions of kilograms of CO 2 from equiva- lently sized DM and horizontal electroless cop- per lines that output 20,000 square meters per month. e categories evaluated are power consumption, water consumption, transpor- tation, packaging, and chemical consumables. For transportation and packaging, due to the volume of chemicals required to operate an electroless copper line, we were able to cal- culate a significant difference in emissions for delivery of the chemical products to the fabri- cator. Packaging estimates were based on the Figure 6: Yearly Kg carbon dioxide emissions for electroless copper vs. Blackhole direct metallization.