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76 PCB007 MAGAZINE I AUGUST 2022 e sensitivity of print time vs. number of heads is seen in Figure 6. For advanced systems, large panel through- put can be: • 17.0" x 22.8": 17 seconds • 20.0" x 24.0": 27 seconds • 24.0" x 30.7": 31 seconds Applications e advantages of inkjet printing as a method of solder masking and legend printing are well established. As an etch resist for inner layer etching it has an advantage down to <70 micron traces and spaces. e growing appli- cation is for the additive printing of conduc- tive traces. Silver nanoparticles now prevail but copper nanoparticle inks are growing, and carbon nanotubes will soon be here. e market for inkjet printheads will grow to $3.3 billion by 2024 (Figure 7). Conclusion From its simple beginnings as a quiet way to print on plain paper, inkjetting has grown up. is is because the head technology is being modified to use a much greater variety of mate- rials to jet. Here are 12 applications of inkjet technology, and the list is growing: • Antenna: For example, wireless, mobile phones, IIoT, mil/space, CB • Membrane switch: Keypads • Capacitors, resistors, and inductors • Shielding: For example, RFI and EMI • Sensors and precision interconnects • Photovoltaic (solar cells) Figure 6: Various print times as a function of the table speed and number of printheads 3 .