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APRIL 2023 I PCB007 MAGAZINE 73 S-curve. You must get your promotion before the actual progress of the project deviates from the optimistic corporate projection. Following the initial success of the project, progress usually continues at a rapid rate, lead- ing to an overly optimistic, corporate, straight- line projection (Figure 3). en a gradual level- ing out occurs. is causes great trauma in the marketing and financial sectors of the com- pany. is also results in increased pressure on mum timing for this, as defined by the ird Law of Crises, can be stated in mathematical form as (see Figure 1). "One third of a maximum tolerable level should be reached as soon as the next promo- tion can reasonably be expected." is time is given as t in the figure. e time, 2t, is also of interest. because a person by then will have waited twice as long as expected for a promo- tion. Furthermore, the optimum level of crises will have reached two-thirds of the maximum permitted level. Chapter 3: The Law of Failure "In the R&D world, it's "to the loser belongs the spoils" (if you play your cards right). Our expert on getting ahead tells how, when failure strikes, you can salvage your career." Early laws of Putt speak of rising to the level of incompetence, but what about those who are incompetent? Is there hope for these people? For most of them, the answer is yes. ere is hope of promotion, even for the truly incompetent. However, a good appreciation is needed for the Law of Failure: "Technology abhors little failures, but rewards big ones." e ambitious technocrat following the Law of Failure must be aware of the corollary to the law: " If you must fail, fail big." An important refinement to this corollary is knowing the optimum timing for big failures, but the curve can be illustrative. Curve A is the optimum strategy for introducing crises. Curve B shows what to do if you find yourself unavoidably too far above curve A. You must increase the cri- sis level to get above the zone of minor failure into the zone of major failure, where you will be safe (Figure 2). Chapter 4: The S-Curve Law "Having told how to manage projects to best advantage (yours), Putt now discloses the secret of selecting the best project (for you) and how to foresee the best time to get out of it." How do you select the right project? Remem- ber, all progress in technolog y follows an Figure 2: The Law of Failure. Figure 3: The S-curve Law.