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52 SMT Magazine • February 2016 of the filler size and filler proportion enables control of the column density, column spacing and the required contact pad area for minimum resistance. ZTACH can be mass cured, eliminat- ing the need for sequential component assem- bly. The formation of many parallel columns especially with micron and sub-micron sized particles between mating pads reduces the resis- tance considerably. Immediate benefits in 3D chip stacking in- clude the elimination of wire bonding through the reverse pyramidal stacking of chips using ZTACH (Figure 2). Benefits related to substrate level packaging include the use of existing SMT equipment, lower processing temperatures, no co-planarity concerns, reduced stencil complex- ity, no need to apply pressure, in-line curing without exceeding reflow time, and no separate underfill process needed. Dr. S. Manian ramkumar is pro- fessor and director of the Center for Electronics Manufacturing and Assembly, Manufacturing and Me- chanical Engineering Technology and packaging Science at the rochester Institute of Technology in Rochester, New York. He is also a member of the SMT Magazine Edito- rial Advisory Board. Figure 2: Immediate benefits in 3D chip stacking include the elimination of wire bonding. Whether choosing music tracks, responding to missed calls or checking social media notifica- tions, the eye-tracking technology called Orbits al- lows smart watch wearers to select a function at a glance. users can effectively press buttons and turn dials displayed on the watch simply by having their eyes briefly follow a small token orbiting the dial. in a paper – orbits: gaze interaction for Smart Watches using Smooth pursuit Eye Movements – researchers from lancaster university's School of Computing and Communications were able to demonstrate that users robustly select from up to eight moving input targets while avoiding any unintended activation when they just look up the time or other information displayed. The research - ers have taken advantage of 'smooth pursuits' – a distinctive form of eye-movement that only occurs when we fixate on a moving target. Because this trait only happens when following a stimulus, it ensures a high degree of accuracy. After a short initial acceleration, the eye converges with the target within 300 milliseconds, so func- tions can be selected very quickly. In addition, the smooth pursuits trait also means no irritating cali- bration between the eye-tracker and display is re- quired. The technology works independently of the tar- get's size, so it is better suited to the small screen sizes of devices like smart watches than other exist- ing forms of interaction, such as touchscreens. Revolutionary Eye-Tracking Technology for Smart Watches magNeticallY aligNed NoVel aca reVolutioNizes 3d cHiP stackiNg