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NOVEMBER 2024 I SMT007 MAGAZINE 37 However, the shi to localized supply chains comes with its own set of challenges. Domes- tic suppliers oen struggle to compete with the scale and cost-efficiencies of their overseas counterparts. Furthermore, the specializa- tion required for some PCB materials means that even with a desire to localize, certain sup- plies will continue to be sourced from abroad, necessitating a balanced approach to supply chain management. e challenge of workforce development is a recurring theme in the American PCB industry. As the industry has evolved, so have the skills required to excel. Today's PCB manufacturing jobs require a high level of technical knowledge, familiarity with advanced soware tools, and an understanding of complex manufacturing pro- cesses. However, it has become increasing dif- ficult to find workers with the necessary skills. e aging workforce in many American manu- facturing sectors exacerbates this issue. As expe- rienced workers retire, younger generations are not filling thatgap quickly enough. Part of this is due to the perception of manufacturing as an outdated or unattractive career, despite the high-tech nature of modern PCB production. To address this, many companies are invest- ing in training programs, both in-house and through partnerships with educational insti- tutions. Apprenticeships, vocational training, and continuing education programs are critical to developing the next generation of PCB pro- fessionals. Furthermore, there is a growing rec- ognition of the need to attract a more diverse workforce, including women and underrepre- sented minorities who bring fresh perspectives and ideas into the industry. Despite the challenges, there is a sense of optimism within the American PCB indus- try. e demand for PCBs is expected to grow, driven by the proliferation of electronic devices and the emergence of new technologies. Amer- ican manufacturers are well-positioned to cap- italize on this growth, particularly in high-reli- ability and advanced technology sectors where they have a competitive advantage. e industry's future will depend on its abil- ity to innovate, adapt, and overcome global competition challenges and supply chain dis- ruptions. By focusing on quality, investing in workforce development, and embracing new technologies, the American PCB industry can continue to play a vital role in the global elec- tronics ecosystem. My journey into the American PCB business has revealed an industry that is both resilient and dynamic. e lessons learned here extend beyond U.S. borders, offering valuable insights into how industries can adapt and thrive in an ever-changing global market. SMT007 Tom Yang is CEO of CEE PCB. To read past columns, click here.