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JULY 2026 I SMT007 MAGAZINE 51 References 1. "Automotive Electronics Reliability Requires In-Field Silicon Monitoring," by Lisa Kennedy and Doru Alexandrescu, Semiconductor Engineering, June 11, 2024. 2. "In-Service Equipment Failures Require Field Testing Beyond Design Simulation and Modeling," by Richard G. Smiley, Design News, April 24, 2026. 3. "Safety Recall Report 21V-650: Chevrolet Bolt EV and Bolt EUV Battery Fire Risk," NHTSA, Aug. 20, 2021. 4. "Safety Recall Reports 21V-727 and Related Actions: Hyundai Kona Electric Battery System Fire Risk," NHTSA, October 2021. 5. "Safety Recall Report 23V-369: Jaguar I-PACE High- Voltage Battery Thermal Overload Risk," NHTSA, June 2023. 6. Practical Reliability Engineering, by Patrick D. T. O'Connor and Andre Kleyner, John Wiley & Sons, 2012. 7. "Electric Vehicle Battery and Charging System Safety Research Portfolio," Idaho National Laboratory, U.S. Department of Energy, 2021–2025. 8. "From Corrosion to Short Circuiting in Electronics: Investigation of the Detrimental Dendrite Development," by Rajan Ambat, Fei Li, and K. K. Gupta, Proceedings of the IPC APEX EXPO Technical Conference, March 2025. 9. "High Voltage Temperature-Humidity-Bias Testing of Electronic Materials on the Outer Layer of a PCB, A Round Robin Study and Beyond," by Lothar Henneken, Proceedings of the IPC APEX EXPO Technical Conference, March 2025. 10. "Investigation of the Electrochemical Reliability of Conformal Coatings Under High Voltage," by Heinz Elsinger, Andreas Hahn, Zhihua You, and Lothar Henneken, Proceedings of the IPC APEX EXPO Technical Conference, January 2023. 11. "An Industry Survey to Report and Compare the Understanding of Failure Mechanisms of and Protection Measures Against High Voltage Induced Damage to Printed Circuit Boards," by W. Olbrich, Proceedings of the IPC APEX EXPO Technical Conference, March 2025. 12. "IPC-TM-650 Test Methods Manual, Including Methods 2.6.3.3 and 2.6.3.7 for Surface Insulation Resistance and Temperature-Humidity-Bias Testing," IPC. 13. Battery Management Systems, Volume I: Battery Modeling, by Gregory L. Plett, Artech House, 2015. 14. "Battery Life Estimation and Prognostics Research for Electric Vehicle Applications," by Kandler Smith, Michael Earleywine, Eric Wood, and Jeremy Neubauer, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 2018–2025. 15. "Battery Performance and Prognostics Research for Electrified Vehicles," by Matthew Keyser, James Francfort, and Ahmad Pesaran, Idaho National Laboratory, 2017–2025. 16. "Diagnostic and Prognostic Technologies for Electrified Vehicles," SAE International, 2018–2025. 17. "2024 Annual Reliability Report: The State of EV Charging and the Driver Experience," ChargerHelp, June 2024. 18. "2025 Annual Reliability Report: The State of EV Charging and the Driver Experience," ChargerHelp, September 2025. 19. IPC-A-610H, Acceptability of Electronic Assemblies. 20. IPC-J-STD-001H, Requirements for Soldered Electrical and Electronic Assemblies. 21. "IEC 60664-1: Insulation Coordination for Equipment Within Low-Voltage Supply Systems, Part 1: Principles, Requirements and Tests," International Electrotechnical Commission, 2020. 22. ISO 26262: Road Vehicles – Functional Safety, Parts 1–12. 23. "AEC-Q100 Rev. H: Failure Mechanism Based Stress Test Qualification for Integrated Circuits," Automotive Electronics Council, September 2022. 24. "UL 2580: Batteries for Use in Electric Vehicles," Underwriters Laboratories Standards & Engagement, 2020. 25. "High Voltage Electronics Reliability Task Group Development Activities for High-Voltage Insulation Reliability and Environmental Testing Methodologies," IPC D-33AA High Voltage Electronics Reliability Task Group, 2023–2026. 26. "e-Mobility Quality and Reliability Advisory Group Publications and Technical Resources," Global Electronics Association, 2024–2026. 27. "Impact of Electric Vehicle Charging Station Reliability, Resilience, and Location on Electric Vehicle Adoption," by Brittany Powell and Cory Johnson, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, December 2024. 28. "The Importance of Reliable Charging Station Electronics for Building a Sustainable EV Ecosystem: 'R' You Ready?," by Brian J. Chislea et al., Global Electronics Association, July 3, 2025.