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20 PCB007 MAGAZINE I DECEMBER 2018 allowing employees to be more productive. Then again, some products are "leaners" that are tough to categorize. The Wright brothers' first airplane was rev- olutionary, but there is some debate about whether the first jet plane was too since it's really just an airplane with a more powerful engine. Similarly, the Tesla seems revolution- ary to most of us, but electric vehicles (EVs) have been around since the 1800s, and one EV held the world land speed record until 1900. Is a new type of fastener or squeegee capable of being revolutionary? Undoubtedly, some com- panies will say so, especially if they increase their profit margin. Products at IPC APEX EXPO Keep all of this in mind as you roam the aisles at IPC APEX EXPO. You'll probably see some "leaners," somewhere between evolu- tionary and revolutionary. IPC's Connected Factory Initiative (CFX) comes to mind. The open-source CFX standardizes machine-to-ma- chine communications, allowing one person to monitor all of the machines on a line through a smartphone. But is CFX a truly revolutionary? You be the judge. Try it out in San Diego next month and see. To help you craft the ultimate trade show shopping list, IPC has created this handy listing of all 311 new products on display at IPC APEX EXPO. It's not too late to thumb through these pages and start making a list of new products that could put your compa - ny light years ahead. Whether your company needs the latest cutting-edge tools or not, you can find what you need at IPC APEX EXPO 2019. PCB007 With the rapid development of advanced technologies in the electronics industry, the demand for portable elec- tronics, shaped display devices, and wearable electronic textiles is ever increasing. Flexible solar cells are there- by receiving more and more attention for their favorable traits including being lightweight, flexible, portable, and compatible with curved surfaces. A research group led by Professor Liu Shengzhong from the Dalian Institute of Chemical Physics (DICP) of the Chi- nese Academy of Sciences achieved a series of innovations in perovskite solar cells, and repetitiously created an effi- ciency of world records for flexible, rigid planar-type and two-dimen- sional perovskite solar cells. Recent- ly, Liu's group in collaboration with Professor Yang Dong's group from Shaanxi Normal University published a review article on providing a com- prehensive summary of the previous article with a perspective discussion on application costs, potential op- portunities, and challenges in flexi- ble perovskite solar cells. "We introduced and discussed the low-tempera- ture fabrication technology for perovskite films as well as their advantages and disadvantages, and described the low-temperature interface materials applied in flexi- ble perovskite solar cells in this review," said Liu. The review summarized the important development of various flexible electrodes in flexible perovskite so- lar cells, concluded the environmental and mechanical stability of flexible perovskite solar cells, and analyzed how to employ flexible encapsulation to improve envi- ronmental stability. It also estimated the cost of flexible perovskite solar cells fabricated by vacuum roll-to-roll technology. The project was supported by the National Key Research and Devel- opment Program of China, National Natural Science Foundation of Chi- na, National University Research Fund, and the 111 Project. The review was published in Ange- wandte Chemie International Edition. (Source: Chinese Academy of Sciences) Scientists Release Review Article on Recent Advances in Flexible Perovskite Solar Cell