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AUGUST 2018 I PCB007 MAGAZINE 41 Printed Board Industry." Stamen had several slides that showed the status of the U.S. bare board indus- try, especially, the defense end use market where fab- ricators indicated their customer base: • Electronics—18.5% • Aerospace—17.2 • Command, control, communication, surveillance—16.0% • Missiles—12.5% • Marine—11.1% • Space—10.8% • Ground vehicles—9.2% • Homeland Security—4.5% One of the interesting statistics they collect- ed was the number of facilities with negative net income in one or more years. From 2012 to 2015, the number small facilities (<$10M) was more than 50, growing to 57 in 2015, while there was only one in the large >$40M group. Another stat was the facility utilization percentage, which is the average rate for each as a percentage of production possible un- der 24/7 operation. The small shops averaged about 40%, while the large facilities averaged around 62%. Respondents indicated their top priorities for investment and capital: • Equipment for new technologies—34.4% • Equipment for existing technologies— 31.3% • IT/computers/software—14.6% • Expanded facility—10.4% • Other—8.3% This corresponds to their list of needs and concerns: • R&D and capital investments • Manufacturing limitations due to equipment • Supply chain disruptions • Workforce challenges • Retention issues • Aging equipment and facilities • Healthcare costs • Competition • Working with DoD-MIL certification Borisson concluded his presentation with an overview of the U.S. PCB facilities' various manufacturing capabilities. The final two speakers of the day addressed reli- ability coupons. The first was by Phil Henault of the Raytheon Company, "Re- liability Coupons." This was an overview of IPC- 2221 Appendix A—Con- formance Coupons. Phil explained each of the new Appendix A coupons: AB/R; A/R; H; P; S; E; G; W; Z; D; Propagated D & Propagated B (Table 3). These coupons are newly redesigned by the IPC Committee to be smaller and reflect the higher density used today. Of interest is the new 'D' and 'Propagated D' coupons for HDI. The Figures x and y show the old "Legacy D" and the new "D" coupons. Phil concluded with an overview of the new IPC-2221B Gerber Coupon Generator, includ- ing screen inputs. Currently available automat- ed coupon designs are: AB/R, H, P, S, D, Prop- agated D and Propagated B with the IPC 1-1-c subcommittee working to include coupons E, G, and W. Additional work is being done on Coupon K. The second coupon talk, and the last of the day, was on "Reliability Coupons Test Coupon Improve - ment" by Lance Auer of Conductor Analysis Corp. This was a continuation on the IPC's efforts to up - date reliability topics and standards. Lance was talking about and explaining the various IPC Committees: • 1-10c committee for Conformance coupons • D-32 committee for Reliability test methods Lance Auer Phil Henault Stamen Borisson