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34 SMT007 MAGAZINE I APRIL 2025 What are the biggest misconceptions of X-ray technologies? Boguski: Confusion in terminology, especially between 2D and 3D X-ray. Shady operators exploit this ignorance to their own advan- tage. For example, CT scanning is nothing more than the amalgamation of multiple 2D X-ray images into a three-dimensional whole for analysis. A lot of powerful soware and computing power is needed to achieve this, and we do it every day. Another frequent human problem is the know-it-all—a "TechBro" process engineer who has anointed themselves as "God's Gi to Failure Analysis," and who has prede- termined the outcome in their own minds. is oen begs the question of why they are requesting our services in the first place. Peo- ple are funny. Beware of anyone who prefaces the discussion with, "In my years of working in this industry, I have never seen a defect such as you claim to see," to which we usually reply, "You need to get out more." It's tough to address a solid-state world possessed of a vacuum tube mindset. Conclusion ank you to Jesper and Robert. In the fast- paced world of electronics manufacturing, the pursuit of reliability and precision is relent- less. As circuit assemblies become more com- plex, with finer pitches, denser components, and hidden solder joints, traditional inspec- tion methods oen fall short. is is where X-ray technology steps in as a game-changer, allowing manufacturers to see beyond the sur- face, identify hidden defects, and ensure the integrity of their products. SMT007 Mike Konrad is founder and CEO of Aqueous Technologies, and vice president of communications for SMTA. To read past columns, click here.